Pneumatic tool.



A. H. TYLOR. PNEUMATIG TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 17. 1909,

Patented July 29, 1913.

,Zh/162322712 4% W Slidevalve 6 is fitted to reciprocate,length` ALBERT H. TAY'LQR, OF EASTON, PENNSYi-VAN'IA, ASSIG'N'R- TO INGERSGLL-RAN) COLIPANY, F NEW YRE, N. Y1, CORPGRAJION OF NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Yetent.

.Patented Juif? 29, i911 L Application filed Noi-'amber l?, 1909. Serial No. 528,533.

T9 all el L10 m it mag/premere..

lle it known (het i, 1'.4 .infr H. TAYLOR, a. ritizen of the t'nited Slide@ and resident of lileeton, in the County of i" uthanipton and SS constant reieed pressure tending to throw the 'valve in one direetion and an. intermit tent high pressure for throwing the valve tion of the hammer p ton ie subjected to e in the f.. her direction.

The object of my 'invention is to provide n/nieie te-ol o the type above set forth in i n the parte Se eenstrueted, arranged and opemted that n. very small Valve muy he employed; in which. the tool may he operated at a high speed; in which. the com struction is Very simple and by which the tooi may he easily held during its operation without undue strain upon the operator.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure i is a View in longitudinal central section tl'irough a pneumatic tool embodying my 1n vention. the hammer piston being shown et C the hunt of ite orwerd movement and the Valve being shown in position to open air pressure to the front end of the hammer piston7 and Fig. 2 is a detailv longitudinal. eentrnl section the hammer piston being shown in a rearward position and. the valve being shown in position to open air pressure 'Le the beek of the hammer piston and to open the passage leading; to the ronto't' the ham mer piston to external atmosphere.

The handle of the tool is denoted by 1, its cylinder by 2 and its hammer piston by 3. The hammer piston chamber 4 is provided intermediate its ends with an exhaust port 5 leading through the oylinderwall to external atmosphere, which exhaust port is alternately closed and opened to the ,front .and rear of the hammer piston as the piston reciprocates.

A cylindrical iinportorate cup-shaped wise of the tool within sin enlargement ot the piston chamber et at. the rear end of the cylinder, a. plate T being interposed loetween thel rear end ofthe cylinder and the handle. The parts ereso constructed and arranged that the piston R mnv @Dll and 'CuShIlI in reduced pressure on the hach e Seid sup-shaped vulve G. A chamber 8 suru rounds the rear end of the cylinder 2, Whic'h chamber is provided with an exhaust port 9 leading through thelumdle wall t0 external atmosphere.

The com ed air feed passage l0 in the handle i 1.; mally opened and elosed by the usuel 'throttle valve ll and trigger 121. An eit t passage 13 leeds through 'the into the well at the rear end of i fi. which passage is provided 1 4 opening to the face of the 9. eenetant reduced pressure is ex the l; ek of the valve by eow- .-ni}n1-:5Sed uit' to enter the faire er l5 'through 'the port 16 and eeeape id valve Chamber l5 through the port i the chamber und `thus: to external oer-here through exhaust port 9. 'The vnll comninnieiitifm with the hammer piston chamber etat 'the hack of the hammer piston in e'ffiheurt passage 18 leerde from the face of the faire G to the chamber 8. An i9 leeds from the front end 'of ham- `A piston chamber 4 lengthwise through the eylinder 2 to the fece of the vaive A eircomferentie port Serves to epen communication from the air pert le, to the passage 19 when the valve 6 is et the limitof its forwuiid more ment. and to open communication from the pseage 19 to external atmosphere through the exhaust. passage 18, chamber 8 and er;- hauet'port 9 when the valve ie at the limit oit its rearward movement. This valve is also so formed that when at the limit of its forward moven'ieut, communication from the air inlet port 14 to the chamber 4, beek of the hammer pieton 3, is closed and when 'at the limit of its rearward'-movement, communication between the inlet port 14' and the chamber L haelt of the hammer piston 3 is opened. Y

ln operetirm, presupposing the parts to he in the position shown in Fig. 1,- with C10 in the Valve Vthe chamber space hadk of `the hammer wnesphere t stent the valve i. of its forpiston 3 open to 'external through the exhaust port 5;

wilt hold the valve at. the im 6 is et all times in open communication from said' air inlet .port 14 to the chamber 4 in front of the hammer Vpiston 3 through the port 20 and passage 19.

This pressure .will start the hammer piston on its rearward movement. After the hammer piston has passed the exhaustport 5 on its rearward movement, it will compress 4the air suiciently to exert a pressure upon the 'front of the valve 6 to overcome the constant reduced pressure upon the back of the valve thus throwing the valve to the limit of its rearward movement as shown in Fig. 2, and thereby opening the chamber 4 at the back of the piston 3 toithe compresse air feed and, at the same time, opening the passage 19 to external atmosphere through the valve port, exhaust port-18, chamber 8 and exaust port 9. This will permit the piston to be forced in the opposite direction, when the cycle of operations hereinbefore 'described will be repeated as long as the tool is in operation.

What I claim is 1. In a-pneumatic tool, a piston, its chamber, an imperforate cup-shaped valve, open toward the piston chamber whereby the piston may enter the valve and cushion therein, the valve chamber, a Huid supply source, yports opened and closed by said valve for controlling the operation of the piston, separate reduced pressure and exhaust ports leading from the back of the valve chamber respectively to the supply source and to external atmosphere whereby the valve is thrown forwardly by, a constant reduced pressure and .rearwardly by the compression of air between the valve vand piston.

2. In a pneumatic tool,` a piston, its chamber, an mperforate cup-shapedvalve, open toward the piston chamberwhereby the piston may enter the valve and cushion therein,

,the valve chamber, a Huid supply source,

ports bringing the piston and valve chambers into communicationwith each other, the luid su ply source and external atmosphere, said va ve having a single port for opening and closing communication between the -front end of thepiston chamber, the supply source and external atmosphere, theV front end of said valve also serving to open and close communication between the rear end of the piston chamber and supply Source..

3. In a pneumatic tool, a piston, its chamber, an imperforate cup-shaped valve, open toward the piston chamber whereby vthe piston may enter the valve and cushion therein, the valve chamber, a fluid supply source, ports bringing the piston and valve chambers into communication with each other, the :Huid supply source and external atmosphere, said valve having a single port for opening and closing communication between the front 'end of the piston chamber, the supply source and external atmosphere, the front end of said valve also serving to open and close communication betweenthe rear end of the piston chamber and the supply source, and separatereduced pressure and exhaust ports leading from the back of the valve chamber respectively to the supply source and external atmosphere whereby the valve is thrown forwardly by a constant reduced pressure and rearwardly by the compression of air between the valve and piston.

4. In an impact tool, al cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, an imperforate cupshaped valve open toward and arranged in alinement with said piston whereby vthe piston may enter and cushion within the valve and means for shiftingsaid valveV forwardly by reduced air pressure, and means for enabling said valve to be shifted rearwardly by the movement of said piston.

5. In an impact tool, a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, inlet and exhaust passages for the motive fluid, an imperforate cup-shaped valve movable in a chamber at the rear end of the cylinder and open .to-

ward the piston whereby the piston Amay enter and cushion within it, and means forenabling said valve to be shifted forwardly by reduced air pressure and rearwardly by .the movement of the iston.

Q6. In an impact too a cylinder, a reciproc'ating piston therein, an imperforate cupshaped valve, located at the rear of said piston, in alinement therewith and. open t0- ward the piston whereby the piston may enter and cushion Within it, said cylinder having ports and passages for causing said valve to be shifted forwardlybyreduced air pressure, and means for enabling said valve to be shifted rearwardly by the movement of said piston.

7 In an impact tool, a cylinder, a reciprocating piston therein, an imperforate cupshaped valve arranged. in alinement with said piston and moving in the. same direction as the latter, said piston being adapted 

